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Jerusalem stands at the center of the land of Israel. Why was this important in biblical times?
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When God established the king position for Israel, He wanted all of Israel to benefit from the office, so a centralized capital would seem to suggest equality for all Israel. But even more important, when God chose Jerusalem as His dwelling place on earth, a central location meant equal access for all of Israel and it was symbolic in that all Israel was to give God central place in their lives.
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Jerusalem was where the temple stood. It was a central focus of worship for the Jewish people. When they made their journeys for the three festivals that required travel, they travelled to Jerusalem. Jesus was dedicated in the temple there as well.
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Location-it is centred between east and west, it is at the top of a mountain ridge giving visibility for defence purposes and making it difficult to attack because of its height from the surrounding valleys. However it is primarily because this is the site chosen by God for his city through h servant David.
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to stand as a focus toward the Lord, to help keep people together.
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Geographically equal accessibility for all the tribes. Defensibility, by having to go through the land to get to it.